#From: robin@extro.ucc.su.oz.au (Robin Gaskell) #To: conlang@diku.dk (Conlang Mail List) #Subject: "La Espero" - Glosa Version Hello Friends, Well, I've done my best to render the Esperanto prayer into Glosa, as Edmund Grimley-Evans requested. I have gone for a translation of the meaning, rather than a rhyming poetic interpretation. Edmund sent me Zamenhoff's original plus a very poetically translated English-language version. Below, I send the Glosa version beside the Esperanto original. As with letters from Haitao, I had to use English as the pivot language between Esperanto and Glosa; and, so, as a tag, include the Intermediate Language version that I used to help me capture the flavour of Zamenhoff's words. LA ESPERO U SPE En la mondon venis nova sento, In u munda pa veni u neo este, Tra la mondo iras forta voko; Dia u munda ki u dinami voka; Per flugiloj de facila vento Epi plu ptero de u moli sufla venti Nun de loko flugu ^gi al loko. Nu, id sio peti ex loka a loka. Ne al glavo sangon soifanta Ne ad u gladia; dipso pro sangui, ^Gi la homan tiras familion: Id tira u homi famili: Al la mond' eterne militanta Ad u munda; eterna milita, ^Gi promesas sanktan harmonion. Id promise sakri harmoni. Sub la sankta signo de l' espero Infra u sakri signi de spe, Kolekti^gas pacaj batalantoj, Veni-unio plu guerila de paci, Kaj rapide kreskas la afero E rapidi kresce un afaire Per laboro de la esperantoj. Per u labora de plu-la; qi spe. Forte staras muroj de miljaroj Forti sta plu mura, de plu mile anua, Inter la popoloj dividitaj; Inter plu demo; ge-divide; Sed dissaltos la obstinaj baroj, Sed, ge-disolve fu es plu obstina baria, Per la sankta amo disbatitaj. Per sakri amoro, ge-klasto. Sur ne^utrala lingva fundamento, Epi u neutrali lingua funda-ra, Komprenante unu la alian, Logi aleli, La popoloj faros en konsento Plu persona fu face, de akorda, Unu grandan rondon familian. Uni mega famili cirkula. Nia diligenta kolegaro Na industri grega de kamerada, En laboro paca ne laci^gos, In u labori de paci, ne fu gene fatiga, ^Gis la bela son^go de l' homaro A-kron u beli sonia, de homi Por eterna ben' efektivi^gos. Holo-tem ge-bene-dice, gene ge-reali. Lazaro Ludoviko Zamenhof (1859-1917) Glosa ver. Robin Gaskell ('94) English pivot version - used for translation:- HOPE (THE EXPECTATION) Into the world has come a new feeling, Through the world goes a powerful call; On the wings of a gentle breeze Now, it would fly from place to place. Not to sword thirsting blood, It draws the family of man: To the world, eternally at war, It promises sacred harmony. Beneath the sacred sign of hope, Gather the warriors of peace, And rapidly grows the venture Through the labour of those who hope. Strongly stand walls of a thousand years Between the peoples, divided; But, dissolved will be the obstinate barriers, Through sacred love, shattered. On a neutral language foundation, Understanding each other, People will make, in accord, One vast family circle. Our hardworking circle of companions, In the work of peace, shall not be exhausted, Until the beautiful dream, of mankind eternally blessed, is realised. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Thank-you Edmund for suggesting this exercise, and for supplying me with the original. NOTES. 1. Althogh I did not agree with the poetry of Zamenhoff's verses, at all times, I did not change the meaning - in the Glosa - for this reason. 2. Owing to the limitations of the _Glosa 6000_ dictionary, and its having only a thousand words in the Eng --> Glosa section, there were places where I was not happy with the Glosa word I used .. feeling it had not conveyed the exact meaning of the Esperanto. 3. Where there was an option of using the Latin or Greek form, in Glosa, I chose the one that was closest to the Esperanto. 4. I did cheat, on purpose, in two places, viz, eterna and harmoni. The Glosa dictionary gives: eterna - immortalise harmoni - agreement. I thought I should get in early, in case someone checks them out, in _Glosa 6000_. Being a word-translation dictionary, it does not give alternative usages. 5. The agglutinative/isolating difference led me to use more punctuation in the Glosa, than was in the original; and, I was tempted to spell out in the Glosa, in detail, some of the more complex of the Esperanto forms, but thankfully, for the sake of the poetry, I resisted. 6. Agreed, this was poetry, and the rules of grammar are set aside, on occasions. However, where there was elision [I like that word], I observed it in the Glosa; this resulted in a few more semicolons, there, than in the original. e.g. Al la mond' eterne militanta Ad u munda; eterna milita, = Ad u munda; qi es eterna milita, Glos. To a world, which is eternally at war, `qi es eterna milita' is an adjectival clause; in Glosa, this is "flagged" in with a semicolon, and terminated with a comma. From my experience with syntax-based grammar, punctuation seems to be an essential part of the grammar - in the written form - indicating sentence structure. [When speaking an isolating language, structure seem to need to be indicated - as it is in English - using rising and falling vocal inflections to mark clauses, and pauses in speech give the finer phrasal structure.] The `qi es' is elided, but the clause flags remain in place. 7. Included is the participle, which is Glosa's one feature that could be accused of being a grammatical morphological form. Forti sta plu mura, de plu mile anua, Inter plu demo; ge-divide; divided Sed, ge-disolve fu es plu obstina baria, dissolved Per sakri amoro, ge-klasto. destroyed The ge- is, I understand, borrowed from the German, and translates as "get X" or "got X" where X is tha concept/word; it is more or less equivalent to -ed, or -en, in English. 8. Esp. fundamento - Gl. funda-ra - Eng. foundation `-ra' is one of the lexical category markers: "Y-ra" = Y thing. `funda' means "bottom, to found, the ground"; so, `funda-ra' means "bottom-thing" or "ground-thing" ... or "foundation." --------------------------------------------------------------------- Any errors, in the understanding of the Esperanto, are mine: apologies. I trust I have not made any errors in the Glosa. I look forward to reading feedback. Robin